• Data analyst in the UM School of Social Work
• Co-organizer for AARUG
• useR for around 4 years
• Literate programming is awesome

• How to pull a little more value from R Markdown as a reporting tool
• References are another kind of data we often have to care about
• Likely most helpful for students & academics, but handy if you're integrating any kind of writing and R code
• We'll talk about how to insert and control:
  1. Citations
  2. (Word) document styling

Only undergrads & masochists don't use reference managers

• Pick a good reference manager
• All store/organize sources, just need to be able to export metadata (citations) in various formats
• Free:
  • Zotero
  • Mendeley
• Not free:
  • EndNote
  • Refworks (students)

This is an example .bib file. Regardless of the format, your reference manager should export a text file holding the metadata from each source.

library(readr)
cat(read_file("mybib.bib"), sep = "\n")

## @article{cohen_power_1992,
##  title = {A power primer},
##  volume = {112},
##  issn = {0033-2909},
##  doi = {10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155},
##  number = {1},
##  journal = {Psychological Bulletin},
##  author = {Cohen, Jacob},
##  month = jul,
##  year = {1992},
##  keywords = {1992, Effect Size (Statistical), Statistical Analysis, Statistical Power, statistical power analysis \& effect size indexes \& conventional values for statistical tests},
##  pages = {155--159}
## }

• Every RMarkdown/Markdown document usually begins with a YAML header, which gives some instructions on how the document should be rendered
• We're adding a new line: bibliography which points to the file containing the sources the document cites

---
title: "Sample Document"
output: html_document
bibliography: mybib.bib
---

Lots of different bibliography files are supported by pandoc/RMarkdown:

(For a complete list, head to RStudio's website)

You can also manually enter citations; seems not ideal…

---
references:
- id: cohen_power_1992
  title: A power primer
  author:
  - family: Cohen
    given: Jacob
  container-title: Psychological Bulletin
  volume: 112
  DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.112.1.155
  issue: 1
  page: 155-159
  type: article-journal
  issued:
    year: 1992
    month: 7
---

Refer to a given article's ID [@article_id] from your bibliography file

Conventions on the 'size' of an experimental effect have 
been long established [@cohen_power_1988, @cohen_power_1992].

Conventions on the 'size' of an experimental effect have been long established (Cohen, 1988; Cohen, 1992).

You can negate the author name(s) by adding a - in front of the article tag/ID

Effect sizes in this manuscript were evaluated using Cohen's conventions of 
'small', 'medium' and 'large' [-@cohen_power_1992, pp. 155-156].

Effect sizes in this manuscript were evaluated using Cohen's conventions of 'small', 'medium', and 'large' (1992, pp. 155-156).

Depending on your needs, a certain format for both the in-line citations and the reference section might be required. You can support this by adding a .csl file to your markdown's directory and the appropriate line to your YAML.

---
title: "Sample Document"
output: html_document
bibliography: mybib.bib
csl: apa-5th-edition.csl
---

Zotero maintains a repository for different csl files. You can also find them on github.

Note: reference sections always render as the last section of your document!

• I prefer to do my written reporting where my R code for tables and graphics lives, but this becomes less feasible when working with multiple collaborators.
• MS Word is still one of the most common editors used to pass around content.
• Being able to control how RMarkdown/pandoc renders these files is handy for setting up a first draft (or reports you'll re-use).
• We control this through a reference document, and another line in the YAML header.

---
title: "Sample Document"
output: 
  word_document:
    reference_docx: word-styles-reference-02.docx
bibliography: mybib.bib
csl: apa-5th-edition.csl
---

We start by creating a sort of template in RMarkdown– something like this:

---
title: "A title"
date: "6/22/2017"
output: word_document
---

# Big Heading
## Smaller Heading
### Even Smaller Heading

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Mauris interdum semper urna quis placerat. Aliquam erat volutpat. Fusce nisi erat, auctor ac nisl nec, efficitur hendrerit urna. Quisque in mollis nulla, quis pharetra velit. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nunc ac mauris sit amet nibh pretium dictum. Suspendisse potenti. Praesent vel rutrum ante. Pellentesque dictum bibendum dui nec congue. Aliquam ut turpis id dui commodo rhoncus. Donec nisi enim, scelerisque dictum nibh et, sollicitudin tincidunt orci. Aenean vitae consectetur risus.

When we knit the file, we get back something like this…

Rmd -> docx is depending on preconfigured options in Word called "styles". Below are the types of text we included in our markdown that we'll update.

We don't want to create or delete any styles– just change the ones that pandoc etc. is expecting.

After you open up the modify window, you can adjust the font, size, and emphasis, and see changes reflected in the sample box.

After you've modified each relevant style, save this document with a new file-name. This updated docx with the styles you've chosen can now be used as a reference docx for other reports you run. The original markdown we used can be deleted.

• Citations in RMarkdown
• Styling word documents
• Several other packages that provide other forms of managing bibliography files with RMarkdown
• Questions?
• Thanks!